Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

In-vitro anti-inflammatory activities of 3-methoxy quercetin isolated from Nigerian mistletoe parasitic on Garcinia kola Heckel, Clusiaceae

Edwin O Omeje^1,2,3 , Sylvester C Nworu⁴, Patience O Osadebe¹, Lawrence Onugwu¹, Rakesh Maurya³, Sunday N Okafor¹, Peter Proksch⁵

¹Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry; ²Division of Endocrinology and Center for Research on Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI); ³Division of Medicinal & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226 031, India; ⁴Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, 41001, Nsukka, Nigeria; ⁵Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinerich-Heine University Dusseldorf, 42005 Dusseldorf, Germany.

For correspondence:- Edwin Omeje Email: edwin.omeje@unn.edu.ng Tel:+2348035495441

Received: 17 November 2016 Accepted: 9 April 2017 Published: 30 May 2017

Citation: Omeje EO, Nworu SC, Osadebe PO, Onugwu L, Maurya R, Okafor SN, et al. In-vitro anti-inflammatory activities of 3-methoxy quercetin isolated from Nigerian mistletoe parasitic on Garcinia kola Heckel, Clusiaceae. Trop J Pharm Res 2017; 16(5):1059-1067 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i5.13

© 2017 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of the most potent and abundant metabolite, 3-methoxy quercetin (3-MQ), from extract fractions of mistletoe, Loranthus micranthus Linn (Loranthaceae) parasitic on Kola acuminata Schott & Endl, (Malvaceae), also known as Garcinia kola Heckel, (Clusiaceae).

Methods: Compounds isolated through a combination of chromatographic techniques were screened for in vitro antioxidant potential using the diphenyl picrazyl hydrazine (DPPH) radical-based model. Cell viability at 1–1000 μM 3-MQ in 24 h was evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (n = 5) five (5) replicates.

Results: Ten (10) known compounds including 3-MQ (1) were isolated and characterized. 3-MQ exhibited highly significant (p < 0.05) antioxidant activity with 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 15.0 µM; concentrations ≤ 100 μM did not exert cytotoxic effect. 3-MQ, at 25 and 125 µM concentrations, significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the production of TNF-α by 82 and 100 %, respectively, compared to controls.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate the potent anti-inflammatory activity of 3-MQ and suggests its use as a potential alternative therapy for inflammation and related diseases

Keywords: Loranthus micranthus, Kola acuminata, Garcinia kola, Anti-inflammatory, Cytotoxicity, Chemiluminescence, Antioxidant, TNF-^5;